Results of processing camera data from the Manul Working Group 🤓

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Monitoring network in Central Kazakhstan: 2024–2025 update
Manulization, Manulization

Dear manulovers, the Manul Working Group has published a report on the first results of processing data from the camera network installed in Central Kazakhstan, some of which have been “adopted” by us and you — the subscribers of Manulization, as well as other manulovers.

A video of a Pallas's cat, October 7, 2024
A manul is interested in the camera

The network now consists of 57 cameras, of which 35 camera were installed under the “Adopt a Camera” program, and that is more than half of all the cameras!👏🏻

A photograph of Otocolobus manul manul from Koshkar camera trap
Otocolobus manul manul from Koshkar camera trap, November 24, 2024
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

In total, the cameras took 332,220 photos, operating for a combined 15,136 days, despite the winter cold, wind, and summer heat of the Kazakh Uplands! This incredible mass of data was helped through by 16 volunteers, who now professionally play the game “find the manul”😄

A photograph of a Pallas's cat
Map of camera installation in Central Kazakhstan.

So what did the scientists see in the photos?

This season, 152 manuls appeared in the cameras’ lenses, and some of them did so several times (for a total of 160 passes in front of the cameras).

Twice, the cameras managed to capture a female with kittens! In total, 28 cameras (almost half of the total number) managed to capture a manul — that is a very cool result!

A photograph of Otocolobus manul manul from Koshkar camera trap
Otocolobus manul manul from Koshkar camera trap, July 28, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

What is notable is that the “adopted” cameras produced 60% of the manul photos!😻

A photograph of Otocolobus manul manul from Besshoky 1 camera trap
Otocolobus manul manul from Besshoky 1 camera trap, April 15, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

In a word, the past year was very successful for manuls in Kazakhstan!

At what time of day were manuls most active?

Interestingly, the manul’s daytime activity differed in summer and winter.

A photograph of a Pallas's cat
Daily activity of the manul in Central Kazakhstan in 2024–2025.

In summer, manuls were more active at night, at dawn and dusk, whereas in winter manuls were more active during the day.

A photograph of Otocolobus manul manul from Aktas-Kunkora [new] camera trap
Otocolobus manul manul from Aktas-Kunkora [new] camera trap, March 4, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group
A video of a Pallas's cat, February 20, 2025
A manul doing manul things in winter

Since the cameras photograph all animals, by analyzing the photos one can see how the manul’s activity is related to the activity of its prey. And that is what was done:

A photograph of a Pallas's cat
Daily activity of manuls and the main prey species (the Kazakh pika and the flat-skulled vole) in Central Kazakhstan in 2024–2025.

The Kazakh pika turned out to be closely associated with the presence of the manul, indicating a pronounced predator–prey relationship.

A photograph of Otocolobus manul manul from Karashoky [new] camera trap
Otocolobus manul manul from Karashoky [new] camera trap, April 14, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

Manul neighbors

Who lives near the manul in Central Kazakhstan? Over the past season, the cameras also captured 13 species of predators — lynx, steppe cat, badger, ermine, and others. Foxes appeared especially often on camera.

A photograph of Red fox from Zhundy 3 camera trap
Red fox from Zhundy 3 camera trap, June 14, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

But it is not only predators that live alongside the manul. In addition to small rodents, the cameras also frequently recorded argali, rabbits, and countless birds!

A photograph of Golden Eagle from Zhundy 2 camera trap
Golden Eagle from Zhundy 2 camera trap, September 29, 2024
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group
A photograph of Gray marmot from Koshkar camera trap
Gray marmot from Koshkar camera trap, May 10, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group
A photograph of Ruddy shelduck from Zhundy 1 camera trap
Ruddy shelduck from Zhundy 1 camera trap, May 12, 2025
Image by ACBK/MWG, uploaded by Manul Working Group

Plans for the future

The camera network in Central Kazakhstan will continue to develop and expand. It will be used for long-term monitoring of animal populations in this region.

We very much hope that the 2025–2026 season will be no less successful for the little manuls, and that together with you we will once again be delighted by their photos! 🙌🏻

A video of a Pallas's cat, September 24, 2024
Ilya Smelyansky, a manul scientist from Kazakhstan, sends greetings to everyone and thanks you for taking part in the “Adopt a Camera” program ❤️

You can view photos from all the cameras “adopted” by us and you in the “Cameras” section on the Manulization website.

The full report can be downloaded here:

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Monitoring-network_update_31-03-2026.pdf
16.28 MiB
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P.S. On one of the cameras we saw something interesting (perhaps geological) — it is easier to notice when viewed on a computer. What do you think it is?

Comments 9

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  1. Alexandra Titova
  2. Roman Paulov, Manulization
  3. Pavel Burov
  4. Pavel Burov
  5. Sugary Shampoo
  6. Manulization, Manulization

    Pavel Burov, We thought about the camera shifting too at first, but look at how the stones on the ground moved. They didn’t all move the same distance, and some even changed their angle... And besides, the shift would have to be strictly vertical and quite substantial in height. It’s unlikely the camera could have moved like that and still remained firmly mounted enough to keep working for the rest of the year...

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  7. Manulization, Manulization
  8. Vika Malyshko, Manulization
  9. y

    Wow, thanks for the report!   Prrrrrrr!


    One problem, these eyes must be getting too old for this - no matter how long I look at them those last two pictures look identical.  What part of the view changes?


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